A History of Queer Resistance in Canada Part 1: an Overview

The vibrant history of queer resistance in Canada spans several decades. From the early struggles for visibility and acceptance to the fight for equal rights and recognition, the 2SLGBTQIA+ community has continuously challenged societal norms and fought for their rights. This journey has been marked by both progress and setbacks, but it has ultimately shaped a more inclusive and diverse Canada.

The emergence of organized queer resistance in Canada can be traced back to the mid-20th century when homosexuality was considered a criminal offense, and queer people faced social stigma, harassment, and violence. Following the decriminalization of homosexuality in Canada in 1969, the 1970s witnessed the emergence of queer activism and the establishment of organizations that advocated for 2SLGBTQIA+ rights. One such organization was Toronto Gay Action (TGA), founded in 1971, which played a crucial role in raising awareness about 2SLGBTQIA+ issues and organizing protests. The Gay Alliance Toward Equality (GATE) was another significant group that emerged during this period, advocating for gay rights and working towards fostering a sense of community and solidarity.

The 1980s brought new challenges as the AIDS epidemic swept across the world, disproportionately affecting the 2SLGBTQIA+ community. In the face of government inaction and social stigma, queer activists and organizations mobilized to provide support, raise awareness, and advocate for accessible healthcare and research funding. Groups such as AIDS Action Now! (AAN) and the Canadian AIDS Society (CAS) fought for the rights and dignity of those affected by the epidemic.

The 1990s marked a period of significant legal victories for queer rights in Canada. In 1992, sexual orientation was included as a protected ground in the Canadian Human Rights Act, prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation. In 1995, the province of Quebec became the first jurisdiction in North America to extend legal recognition to same-sex couples with the establishment of civil unions.

The early 2000s witnessed a wave of activism focused on achieving marriage equality. In 2003, the province of Ontario became the first jurisdiction in North America to legalize same-sex marriage. Subsequently, other provinces and territories followed suit, and in 2005, the Civil Marriage Act was passed at the federal level, making Canada the fourth country in the world to fully legalize same-sex marriage nationwide.